Surge arrester is used to protect the circuit or electrical equipment from high voltage transient or electrical surges. This article introduces in such aspects as the working principle of line surge arrester and effect of lightning protection, and also explores. The basics of surge protection the basics of surge protection. Jun 24, 2018 the lightning arresters or surge diverter provide protection against such surges. The lightning arrester or the lightning conductor is a commonly used device which is used to save tall buildings and towers from the attack of lightning. In this article, well look at surge protectors, also called surge suppressors, to find out what they do, when you need them, and how well they work. Bs eniec 62305 lightning protection general standard. They differ only in constructional details but operate on the same principle, providing low resistance path for the surges to the round. Pdf application and analysis for surge arrester on lightning.
What is the difference between lightning arrester and. The indelec tester meets the requirements of nf c 17102. It is connected via a heavy metal cable to a ground rod which is driven into the ground nearby. How does a lightning arrestor work,lightning arrestor. Mar 30, 2011 lightning can create voltage surges in several of the following ways. The zinc oxide has highly nonuniform current voltage iv characteristics. Arresterfacts 017 what is a transmission line arrester copyright arresterworks 2009 jonathan j. When a voltage surge traveling along the conductor reaches the point at which a lightning arrestor is installed it breaks down. Water hammer arrestors 3 water hammer arrestors of the apw and caw series are tested for a life cycle equal to 500,000 damping actions. Devices for surge protection response time discharge capability protection level better.
Continued from article complete overview of lightning arresters part 2. Difference between surge arrester, lightning arrester and. Each piece of electrical equipment in an electrical system needs to be protected from voltage surges. This article introduces in such aspects as the working principle of line surge arrester and effect of lightning protection, and also explores application for lightning arrester of distribution. A dc surge arrester is generally composed of a shell, a nonlinear resistance sheet, a spring, a pressure release device, a sealing device, etc. This paper presents an overview of how the lightning strikes and their e ects on power distribu. The electric discharge is seen in the form of a brilliant arc, sometimes several kilometres long, stretching between the discharge points. Pdf application and analysis for surge arrester on. A surge arrester is a protective device for limiting surge voltages on equipment by diverting surge current and returning the device to its original status. A lightning arresters or a surge diverter is a protective device which conducts the high voltage surges on the power system to the ground. Lightning is the leading cause of weather related damage to building equipments. As soon as the system voltage drops below the predetermined value. These tubes do the same job as an mov they divert the extra current from the hot line to the ground line. The lightning protection industry began in the united states when benjamin franklin postulated that lightning was electricity, and a metal rod could be used to carry the lightning.
Difference between lightning arrester and surge arrester. It can strike the overhead power line which enters your house, or a main power line that is blocks away from your home. When a lightning surge or switching surge travels along the power line to the arrester, the current from the surge is diverted through the arrestor, in most cases to the earth. Zno gapless lightning arrester or surge arrester electrical4u. How to protect your house from lightning national lightning. The lightning discharge the transient discharge of electric current that occurs between a negative charge centre and a positively charged region is a lightning flash. A lightning arrester is the first component in a three step process designed to eliminate damaging voltage spikes from damaging electrical and electronic devices. Surge and lightning arresters eatons mission is to improve the quality of life and the environment through the use of power management technologies and services.
Lighting and voltage surge lightning can create voltage surges in several of the following ways. The typical lightning arrester has a highvoltage terminal and a ground terminal. Mar 12, 2020 working principle of zinc oxide lightning arrester. Guys do not confuse between the lightning rod and lightning arrester. Lightning arrestor conventional lightning protection. This report investigates the discharge mechanism and discusses the principles of lightning protection and the way this is applied to the protection of structures. How does lightning arrestors works operation how to instal. There are several types of lightning arresters in general use. Lightning, is a form of visible discharge of electricity between rain clouds or between a rain cloud and the earth. Lightning can strike branch circuitry wiring in the. While lightning current arresters class 1 are used to protect against direct lightning surge currents, surge arresters class 2 protect equipment from induced surges in electrical wiring. If, however, surge currents in the kiloampere range are injected into the arrester, such as is the case when lightning or switching overvoltages. Metaloxide surge arresters in highvoltage power systems.
Note that all the circuits in figure 6 are simplified to show the principles of. The function of the surge arrester is to allow the discharge of any dangerous overvoltage before. Lightning arrestor working principle is, once the voltage surge travels throughout the conductor then it reaches the location of the arrestor where it is installed. The program atpdraw alternative transient program was used to simulate the problem and was applied. The device which is used for the protection of the equipment at the substations against travelling waves, such type of device is called lightning arrester or surge diverter. Short circuit behaviour surge arresters and counters. In other words, lightning arrester diverts the abnormals high voltage to the ground without affecting the continuity of supply. The arrester which uses zinc oxide semiconductor as a resistor material, such type of arrester is known as a metal oxide surge arrester or zno diverter. The lightning arresters or surge diverts provide protection against such surges. This article introduces in such aspects as the working principle of line surge arrester and effect of lightning protection, and also explores application for lightning. Hi friends, in this article, i am going to discuss about lightning arrester types and lightning arrester working principle. Lightning arrester should be located close to the equipment that it is expected to protect. April, 2008 maintenance handbook on lightning arrester 4 1.
This places tough demands on their ability to fail safe and not risk damage to equipment or injury to personnel in the vicinity. Thunderester lightning protection is an electronic based lightning protection system. Short circuit behaviour surge arresters and counters james taylor, abb power products, ludvika, sweden abstract by nature, a surge arrester may be overloaded at any time as part of its normal duty. The currents passing through the arrester within the range of possibly applied powerfrequency voltages are so small that the arrester almost behaves like an insulator. They simulate lightning surge currents with amplitudes of up to 100 ka with a pulse shape of 10350. Water hammer arrestors of the apw e caw series consist of a sealed copper cylinder containing compressed air and a sliding piston with double epdm seal. A lightning arrester is essentially a collection of billions of microscopic junctions of metal oxide grains that turn on and off in microseconds to form a current path from the top terminal to the ground terminal of the arrester. When a voltage surge traveling along the conductor reaches the point at which a lightning arrestor is installed it breaks down the insulation of the arrester momentarily, allowing the voltage surge to discharge to ground.
They do this by using an inert gas as the conductor between the two lines. The arrester has certain advantages like it eliminate the sparkovers and also the risk of shock to the system. This arrester provides protection against all types of ac and dc over voltages. With average lightning currents of 15 to 45 kilo amps and heat energy in excess of 20,000oc, the need for improved lightning protection is evidence. Second, theoretical and empirical work in the field of lightning protection is often inseparable, especially in the earlier efforts. Publication date 1st working day of the month of the issue cover pages 210 gsm art paper. The earthing screen and ground wires can well protect the electrical system against direct lightning strokes but they fail to provide protection against traveling waves, which may reach the terminal apparatus. Also called a surge protection device spd or transient voltage surge suppressor tvss, this class of device is used to protect equipment in power transmission and distribution systems. Lightning protection systems what they do and dont do. The arrestor provides a conducting path to the waves of relatively low impedance between the line and the ground. It is a pointed long metal rod or several of them that is mounted on the roof so that it is the highest object. The temperature rise of the arrester blocks affects the operating. Lighting arrester is used to suppress the high transient voltage, isolation arc, electrical surge currents from spark and lightning currents from lightning strikes.
The lightning arresters are used to protect power system from high voltage surges. A short and simple overview of a lightning arrester for the nontechnical. A lightning protection systems only purpose is to ensure safety to a building and its occupants if lightning happens to hit it directly, a task accomplished by providing a good, safe path to ground for the lightning to follow. Why do we make the rating of surge arrester kv always. Jan 27, 2018 in this video we are discussed about how lightning arrestors works and how to install in our home the device which is used for the protection of the equipment at the substations against travelling. Sites above marked with the contain pdf copies of this application guide. Aug 08, 2016 what is a lightning arrester jonthan woodworth. The elements are housed in a hollow full length of porcelain insulator.
For a finite period, bs eniec 62305 and bs 6651 ran in parallel, but as of august 2008, bs 6651 has been withdrawn and now bs eniec 63205 is the. So it will break down the insulation of the lightning arrestor for a moment, so voltage surge can be discharged toward the ground. A lightning arrester is a device used on electric power systems and telecommunication systems to protect the insulation and conductors of the system from the damaging effects of lightning. The application and selection of lightning arresters. A lightning arrester alternative spelling lightning arrestor also called lightning diverter is a. A lightning arrester alternative spelling lightning arrestor also called lightning diverter is a device used on electric power systems and telecommunication systems to protect the insulation and conductors of the system from the damaging effects of lightning. The development of the lightning protection principles and techniques used in nfpa 780 and. When a travelling wave reaches the arrestor, its sparks over at a certain prefixed voltage as shown in the figure below. Mar 28, 2008 a lightning rod, sometimes called a lightning arrester is something you mount on top of your house. Classification and testing of surge protective devices 16. A surge arrester may not work 100 percent of the time because lightning can produce very high voltages that even surge arresters cannot fully handle.
A surge arrester works by diverting the extra voltage into the earth wire, rather than flowing through the electronic. The surge arrester is a product which is insulated up to a predetermined voltage value and which is manufactured to discharge overload to the ground by passing through the determined voltage value. The basic principle behind this life saving system is the action of points or corona discharge. A surge arrester is capable of repeating these functions a large number of times as specified. Early streamer emmission early streamer emission lightning. When the voltage is at a certain level, the makeup of the gas is such that it is. When a lightning surge travels along the power line to the arrester, the current from the surge is diverted through the arrester, in most. Thunderester lightning protection is an electronic based lightning protection system working principle on piezoelectric technology to protect the entire structure of a building in the event of direct lightning strikes, it allows lightning current to follow a low resistance path through the down conductor to ground, thus protect the structure from physical damage. This operation is conducted on site and does not require the lightning rod to be dismantled.
The device which is used for the protection of the equipment at the substations against travelling waves, such type of device is called lightning arrester or surge. The basics of surge protection from the generation of surge voltages right through to a comprehensive protection concept. To prevent damage to electrical equipment, surge protection considerations are paramount to a welldesigned electrical. Another common surge protection device is a gas discharge arrestor, or gas tube. Surge diverter lightning arrester working lightning. A surge arrester is a voltage activated the device that protects computers and other electronic equipment from surges or transient voltages in electrical power or data cables, whether it be from lightning or a switching surge. We are the manufacturers and suppliers of superior quality lightning arrestor, outdoor lightning arrestor. If the test voltage is exceeded in operation, the safety effect. The idea seems to be attractive, but it is the peak of exploitation.
A surge arrester is a device to protect electrical equipment from overvoltage transients caused by external lightning or internal switching events. What is the difference between lightning arrester and surge. Difference between surge arrester, lightning arrester and lightning rod. Function principle surge is conducted to the device surge on a wire unprotected 17.
Many factors like system voltages, basic impulse insulation level, arrestor rating, station layout. Sometimes, the best way to protect an electrical device from the effects of a lightning surge is by unplugging it from the power source. Contrary to the myths, lightning protection systems. The manufacturers of this system claim that the space charge generated by the array will silently discharge the thundercloud. This paper presents some study on the characteristics of zno arrester and its blocks. Working principle of zinc oxide lightning arrester.
Lightning and surge protection basic principles 1 introduction rarely does the power of nature strike an observer more forcibly than the sight for the first time of a. Lightning protection principles knowledge of the mechanism of the lightning discharge enables an understanding of the way in which lightning detection and warning systems operate. Lightning can strike branch circuitry wiring in the walls of your house. Surge arresters are used to protect transmission lines, transformer or other equipments from transient voltage. Function principle surge coming from earth protected spd spd surge is discharged by the spd spd surge protective device 20 u p. We manufacturers high quality lightning arrestor we offer. Spd surge protective device this is also a surge diverter, but generally for voltages well below volts.
Todays technology for surge arresters intended for use in mediumvoltage systems is the. The basis of conventional lightning protection technology. We are a placemat, woven vinyl flooring,table mat,rug in lightning arrestor working principle. Surge arresters are devices that help prevent damage to apparatus due to high voltages. Application guidelines overvoltage protection metal. Under all conditions lightning protection is necessary to provide protection to personnel working in buildings. Its working principle depends on piezoelectric technology to protect the entire structure of a building in the event of direct lightning strikes, it allows lightning current to follow a low resistance path through the down conductor to ground, thus protect the structure from physical damage. It is mainly used for overvoltage protection at all voltage levels in a power system. Experiments are conducted to find the thermal characteristics of arrester blocks. But lightning rods are actually very limited in comparison, and have far les versatility in use.
Our lightning arrestor is a metal rod, made of copper and, used as part of lightning safety to protect tall or isolated structures such as the roof of a building or the mast of a vessel from lightning. The lightning protection institute is a nationwide notforprofit organization founded in 1955 to promote lightning protection education, awareness, and safety. Pdf study of characteristics of zno surge arrester. Classification and testing of surge protective devices 16 3. Surge arresters and lightning current arresters from dehn offer reliable protection against these hazards. How to protect your house and its contents from lightning. Lightning arrester working principle when a voltage surge traveling along the conductor reaches the point at which a lightning arrestor is installed it breaks down the insulation of the arrester momentarily, allowing the voltage surge to discharge to ground. Continued from article complete overview of lightning arresters part 1. The elements exhibit high nonlinear voltage current characteristics. Well also find out what levels of protection are available and see why you might not have all the protection you need, even if you do use a quality surge protector.
The normal operation is defined as condition when no surge is presented and the surge arrester is subjected to normal system voltage only. Types of lightning arresters for outdoor application. Bs eniec 62305 lightning protection standard the bs eniec 62305 standard for lightning protection was originally published in september 2006, to supercede the previous standard, bs 6651. We provide sustainable solutions that help our customers effectively manage electrical, hydraulic and mechanical power more safely, more efficiently and more reliably. Design of lightning arresters for electrical power systems. The arrester provides a lowimpedance path to ground for the current from a lightning strike or transient voltage and then restores to a normal operating conditions a surge arrester may be compared to a. The surge impedance of the line restricts the amplitude of current flowing to. In large substations, arrestors should be installed at takeoff points of the lines and of the terminal apparatus. Nov 18, 2016 a surge arrester is a voltage activated the device that protects computers and other electronic equipment from surges or transient voltages in electrical power or data cables, whether it be from lightning or a switching surge. Learn what is the purpose of lightning arrester and why is testing necessary a lightning arrester, surge arrester or line arrester is a device used on electrical power systems and telecommunications systems to protect the insulation and conductors of the system from the damaging effects of lightning.
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